Product Description

Super High Pressure Stainless Steel Hydraulic Quick Coupling for Flange Spreader

Product Introduction:

Body Size(in)	1/4(02)	3/8(03)	1/2(04)	5/8(06)	3/4(08)	1(10)	1-1/2(12)	2(16)
Rated Pressure(PSI)	5000	3000	3000	3000	3000	3000	3000	3000
Rated Flow(GPM)	3	6	12	20	28	50	80	100
Spillage (ML)	0.006	0.012	0.02	0.026	0.032	0.035	0.05	0.1
(max. per disconnect)
Temperature Range	-20ºC to +120ºC
Standard seal material NBR

1.Material:
                 Material of Female Socket: Zinc- Chromate plated Steel
                 Material of Male Plug: Zinc- Chromate plated Steel
2. Advantage: Critical Parts are hardened for durability.
                       Poppet valves are available to prevent uncoupled leakage.
                       Poppet valves open automatically when coupled within rated working pressure to keep the flow expeditely.
3. Sizes: NPT 1/4, 3/8, 1/2, 3/4, 1. It’s OK to order Female Socket and Male Plug together or seperately.
4. Standard: ISO7241-1 Series A
Interchangeable with:
PARKER 6600 series
FASTER ANV series
AEROQUIP 5600 series
CHINAMFG HA 15000 series
What’s Included:
* Female Coupler
* Male Coupler

Main Material and Series:
Carbon steel,Brass, Stainless steel 304/316
ISO 7241A Series ,ISO 7241B Series ,FLAT FACE COUPLING

Our Service: We can crimp hose assembly for our customers
Application:
Mainly used for construction equipment, hydraulic machinery, oil euipment and other hydraulic applications.

FAQ:
Conventional packaging: carton, can be customized according to customer needs;
Transportation: express, sea and air freight are support
Delivery Time:
1.If we have stock,we’ll send out to you in a week;
2. Generally, it will take about 20 days. The specific delivery date will be negotiated according to your order.
MOQ:100
(If the quantity you need is less than 100 pieces, please feel free to make an inquiry with us. If we have stock, you can also
order.)
Payment:LC/TT
 our payment  usual is T/T ,L/C ,if you need other payment , please inform us

/* January 22, 2571 19:08:37 */!function(){function s(e,r){var a,o={};try{e&&e.split(“,”).forEach(function(e,t){e&&(a=e.match(/(.*?):(.*)$/))&&1

Impact of Flange Coupling on the Overall Reliability of Connected Equipment

A flange coupling plays a crucial role in ensuring the overall reliability and performance of connected equipment in a mechanical system. Its impact can be summarized as follows:

• 1. Power Transmission Efficiency: Flange couplings provide a secure and rigid connection between shafts, enabling efficient power transmission from one component to another. By minimizing energy losses through slippage or vibration, flange couplings help maintain the overall efficiency of the system.
• 2. Reducing Wear and Tear: Flange couplings accommodate misalignment and slight axial movement, reducing stress on connected equipment. By absorbing shocks and vibrations, they protect the components from excessive wear and fatigue, increasing their lifespan.
• 3. Controlling Vibration and Noise: A properly selected and installed flange coupling helps dampen vibrations and reduces noise levels in the system. This is particularly important in precision machinery, where vibrations can affect the accuracy and performance of the equipment.
• 4. Handling Misalignment: Flange couplings can compensate for angular, parallel, and axial misalignment between shafts. This capability ensures smooth operation and prevents excessive forces that could lead to premature failure of equipment components.
• 5. Improving System Flexibility: Flange couplings offer flexibility in design and installation. They allow for quick and easy disconnection and reconnection of equipment for maintenance or repairs, minimizing downtime and increasing the system’s overall availability.
• 6. Protection Against Overloads: In high-torque applications, flange couplings provide a safeguard against overloads by slipping or disengaging when the torque exceeds the coupling’s capacity. This helps prevent damage to the equipment and ensures the safety of the system and operators.
• 7. Corrosion Resistance: Depending on the material selected, flange couplings can offer excellent corrosion resistance, making them suitable for use in harsh environments or corrosive conditions. This protects the connected equipment from premature deterioration.
• 8. Maintenance and Downtime Reduction: The reliability of flange couplings leads to reduced maintenance needs and less frequent downtime. A well-maintained coupling can significantly extend the life of connected equipment and reduce the frequency of replacements or repairs.
• 9. Enhancing System Safety: Flange couplings provide a secure connection that ensures the safe operation of rotating machinery. They minimize the risk of unexpected equipment failure or disconnection, promoting the safety of operators and surrounding personnel.
• 10. Adaptability to Different Industries: Flange couplings are widely used across various industries, from manufacturing and power generation to mining and aerospace. Their versatility and reliability make them suitable for a wide range of applications, contributing to the overall success and efficiency of these industries.

In conclusion, the proper selection and use of flange couplings significantly impact the overall reliability and performance of connected equipment. Their ability to transmit power efficiently, handle misalignment, and protect against wear and overloads ensures smooth and safe operation, reducing maintenance costs, and increasing the lifespan of machinery.

What are the Temperature and Environmental Limitations of Flange Couplings?

Flange couplings, like any mechanical component, have certain temperature and environmental limitations that can impact their performance and lifespan. It’s crucial to understand these limitations to select the appropriate flange coupling for specific applications. Here are the key factors to consider:

1. Temperature: Flange couplings are typically manufactured from materials that can withstand a range of temperatures. The maximum and minimum operating temperatures will depend on the material composition of the coupling. Common materials used for flange couplings, such as steel or stainless steel, can handle a broad temperature range from -40°C to 300°C or higher. However, extreme temperatures beyond the recommended range can cause material degradation, loss of strength, and potential failure of the coupling. In high-temperature applications, specialized materials like heat-resistant alloys may be used to maintain coupling integrity.

2. Corrosive Environments: Flange couplings operating in corrosive environments, such as chemical processing plants or marine applications, should be made from materials that resist corrosion. Stainless steel or other corrosion-resistant alloys are commonly used for such conditions. Regular inspection and maintenance are crucial to monitor the coupling’s condition and protect against premature failure due to corrosion.

3. Hazardous Environments: In certain industries, flange couplings may be exposed to hazardous or explosive atmospheres. In such cases, it’s essential to choose flange couplings that meet relevant safety standards, such as ATEX or IECEx, and are specifically designed and certified for use in hazardous environments.

4. Cleanliness and Hygienic Requirements: Industries such as food processing, pharmaceuticals, and biotechnology have strict hygiene standards. Flange couplings used in these applications should be easy to clean and constructed from materials that meet sanitary requirements to prevent contamination and ensure product purity.

5. Environmental Factors: Flange couplings used in outdoor applications may be exposed to various environmental factors such as moisture, dust, and UV radiation. Choosing couplings with appropriate protective coatings or seals can help enhance their resistance to environmental elements and extend their service life.

Before selecting a flange coupling for a specific application, it’s essential to consider the temperature and environmental conditions it will be exposed to. Consulting with coupling manufacturers or engineers can help ensure that the chosen flange coupling is suitable for the intended operating environment and will deliver reliable performance over its expected lifespan.

Are There Any Safety Considerations When Using Flange Couplings in Rotating Machinery?

Yes, there are several safety considerations to keep in mind when using flange couplings in rotating machinery. Flange couplings are an essential component in many industrial applications, but their use in rotating machinery can present certain hazards that need to be addressed. Below are the key safety considerations:

1. Guarding: It is crucial to have appropriate guarding around the flange coupling to prevent accidental contact with rotating parts. Guards should be designed and installed to prevent access to the coupling during operation and maintenance, reducing the risk of entanglement or other accidents.

2. Lockout/Tagout Procedures: Before performing any maintenance or inspection on machinery with flange couplings, lockout/tagout procedures must be followed. This ensures that the equipment is isolated from its power source and cannot be accidentally energized while personnel are working on it.

3. Proper Installation and Alignment: Flange couplings should be correctly installed and aligned according to the manufacturer’s guidelines. Improper installation can lead to misalignment, increased vibrations, and potential coupling failure, which may pose safety risks to personnel and equipment.

4. Material Compatibility: Ensure that the material used for the flange coupling is suitable for the specific application, taking into account factors such as the type of fluid or environment the coupling will be exposed to. Incompatible materials may lead to corrosion or mechanical failure, affecting safety.

5. Regular Inspection and Maintenance: Scheduled inspections and maintenance are crucial to detect any signs of wear, damage, or misalignment in the flange coupling. Addressing issues promptly can prevent unexpected failures and reduce the risk of accidents.

6. Load Capacity: Flange couplings should be selected based on the anticipated load and torque requirements of the application. Using a coupling with inadequate load capacity may lead to premature failure and safety hazards.

7. Training and Awareness: Personnel working with rotating machinery and flange couplings should receive appropriate training on safety procedures and potential hazards. Awareness of safe working practices is essential for preventing accidents and injuries.

8. Temperature and Environment: Consider the operating temperature and environmental conditions when selecting a flange coupling. Extreme temperatures or harsh environments may affect the coupling’s performance and safety.

9. Emergency Stop Procedures: Machinery with flange couplings should have emergency stop procedures in place to quickly shut down the equipment in case of an emergency or abnormal operation.

10. Compliance with Regulations: Ensure that the use of flange couplings complies with relevant safety regulations and industry standards.

By addressing these safety considerations, users can minimize the risks associated with flange couplings in rotating machinery and create a safer working environment for personnel and equipment.

editor by CX 2024-04-15

Product Description

Super High Pressure Stainless Steel Hydraulic Quick Coupling for Flange Spreader

Product Introduction:

Body Size(in)	1/4(02)	3/8(03)	1/2(04)	5/8(06)	3/4(08)	1(10)	1-1/2(12)	2(16)
Rated Pressure(PSI)	5000	3000	3000	3000	3000	3000	3000	3000
Rated Flow(GPM)	3	6	12	20	28	50	80	100
Spillage (ML)	0.006	0.012	0.02	0.026	0.032	0.035	0.05	0.1
(max. per disconnect)
Temperature Range	-20ºC to +120ºC
Standard seal material NBR

1.Material:
                 Material of Female Socket: Zinc- Chromate plated Steel
                 Material of Male Plug: Zinc- Chromate plated Steel
2. Advantage: Critical Parts are hardened for durability.
                       Poppet valves are available to prevent uncoupled leakage.
                       Poppet valves open automatically when coupled within rated working pressure to keep the flow expeditely.
3. Sizes: NPT 1/4, 3/8, 1/2, 3/4, 1. It’s OK to order Female Socket and Male Plug together or seperately.
4. Standard: ISO7241-1 Series A
Interchangeable with:
PARKER 6600 series
FASTER ANV series
AEROQUIP 5600 series
HANSEN HA 15000 series
What’s Included:
* Female Coupler
* Male Coupler

Main Material and Series:
Carbon steel,Brass, Stainless steel 304/316
ISO 7241A Series ,ISO 7241B Series ,FLAT FACE COUPLING

Our Service: We can crimp hose assembly for our customers
Application:
Mainly used for construction equipment, hydraulic machinery, oil euipment and other hydraulic applications.

FAQ:
Conventional packaging: carton, can be customized according to customer needs;
Transportation: express, sea and air freight are support
Delivery Time:
1.If we have stock,we’ll send out to you in a week;
2. Generally, it will take about 20 days. The specific delivery date will be negotiated according to your order.
MOQ:100
(If the quantity you need is less than 100 pieces, please feel free to make an inquiry with us. If we have stock, you can also
order.)
Payment:LC/TT
 our payment  usual is T/T ,L/C ,if you need other payment , please inform us

/* January 22, 2571 19:08:37 */!function(){function s(e,r){var a,o={};try{e&&e.split(“,”).forEach(function(e,t){e&&(a=e.match(/(.*?):(.*)$/))&&1

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How Does a Flange Coupling Handle Angular, Parallel, and Axial Misalignment?

A flange coupling is designed to accommodate various types of misalignment that may occur between two shafts. Here’s how it handles different types of misalignment:

• Angular Misalignment: Flange couplings can handle angular misalignment by allowing a slight flexing or bending of the flexible elements. The coupling’s flexible components, such as elastomeric or metallic elements, can bend and compensate for angular misalignment between the shafts. This flexibility ensures that the coupling can transmit torque smoothly even when the shafts are not perfectly aligned in a straight line.
• Parallel Misalignment: Flange couplings can also accommodate parallel misalignment between the shafts. When the two shafts are slightly offset in a parallel direction, the flexible elements in the coupling can move laterally to accommodate this misalignment. This lateral movement helps prevent excessive forces and wear on the coupling and connected equipment, ensuring efficient power transmission even in slightly misaligned conditions.
• Axial Misalignment: Axial misalignment refers to the situation when two shafts are displaced along their common axis. Flange couplings are not specifically designed to handle large axial misalignment. However, certain types of flange couplings may have limited axial movement capabilities due to the flexibility of their components. In some cases, an additional feature like an end float or sliding flange design may be incorporated to accommodate limited axial movement.

It is important to note that while flange couplings can handle a certain degree of misalignment, excessive misalignment can lead to premature wear and failure of the coupling. Regular maintenance and proper alignment of the shafts are essential to ensure the coupling’s optimal performance and longevity.

Can Flange Couplings Be Used in Food Processing and Pharmaceutical Industries?

Yes, flange couplings can be used in food processing and pharmaceutical industries, provided they meet certain requirements and standards to ensure hygiene and product safety. These industries have stringent regulations and guidelines to prevent contamination and maintain the quality and purity of their products. When selecting flange couplings for such applications, several considerations must be taken into account:

• Material Selection: The flange coupling material must be food-grade or pharmaceutical-grade and comply with industry-specific regulations. Stainless steel, particularly austenitic grades like 316L, is commonly used due to its excellent corrosion resistance and ease of cleaning.
• Hygienic Design: Flange couplings for these industries should have a hygienic design that minimizes crevices, dead spaces, and surface roughness where bacteria or contaminants could accumulate. Smooth surfaces and seamless construction help facilitate thorough cleaning and sterilization.
• Sealing and Lubrication: Proper sealing is essential to prevent any potential leaks or ingress of contaminants. Food-grade or pharmaceutical-grade lubricants should be used to ensure that there is no risk of contamination from the coupling’s lubrication.
• Certifications and Compliance: Flange couplings intended for use in food processing and pharmaceutical industries should have relevant certifications, such as FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) approval, EU regulations (e.g., EC No. 1935/2004), and compliance with industry standards like 3-A Sanitary Standards.
• Cleanability: Flange couplings should be designed for easy disassembly and cleaning to maintain the required hygiene standards. This may involve quick-release or tool-less designs that allow for frequent inspection and cleaning without impeding production processes.
• Resistant to Corrosive Cleaning Agents: In food processing and pharmaceutical industries, aggressive cleaning agents may be used. The flange coupling material should be resistant to these substances to avoid degradation and maintain the coupling’s integrity over time.

By meeting these criteria, flange couplings can be safely used in food processing and pharmaceutical applications without compromising product quality or safety. It is crucial to work with reputable manufacturers or suppliers who understand the specific requirements of these industries and can provide couplings that adhere to the necessary standards.

What is a flange coupling and how does it work?

A flange coupling is a type of rigid coupling used to connect two shafts together in a mechanical system. It consists of two flanges, one on each shaft, which are bolted together to form a solid and robust connection. Flange couplings are widely used in applications where precise alignment, high torque transmission, and zero backlash are critical.

The key components of a flange coupling include:

• Flanges: The flanges are circular discs with holes around the perimeter for bolting them to the respective shaft ends. The flanges are made from materials such as steel, cast iron, or aluminum, depending on the application requirements.
• Fasteners: High-strength bolts or studs with nuts are used to fasten the flanges together securely. The number and size of the bolts depend on the size and torque capacity of the coupling.
• Gaskets: In some cases, gaskets or spacers are used between the flanges to provide insulation, prevent corrosion, or compensate for any slight misalignments between the shafts.

How a flange coupling works:

1. The two shafts that need to be connected are brought together with their respective flanges facing each other.
2. The flanges are aligned precisely to ensure that both shafts are in perfect axial alignment. Proper alignment is essential to prevent excessive loads on the bearings and to ensure efficient torque transmission.
3. Once the flanges are aligned, high-strength bolts or studs are inserted through the holes in the flanges, and nuts are fastened tightly to hold the flanges together securely.
4. The tight connection between the flanges creates a rigid joint between the shafts, allowing torque to be transmitted from one shaft to the other with minimal losses.
5. Flange couplings are designed to have zero backlash, meaning there is no play or free movement between the shafts when the direction of rotation changes. This feature ensures precise and immediate power transmission between the connected shafts.

Flange couplings are commonly used in various industrial applications, including heavy machinery, pumps, compressors, and marine propulsion systems. They are preferred when a reliable, high-torque transmission with precise alignment is required. However, they do not offer flexibility to accommodate misalignment, which is a limitation compared to flexible couplings. Therefore, proper alignment during installation is critical to avoid premature wear and failure of the coupling and connected equipment.

editor by CX 2024-03-07

Product Description

Super High Pressure Stainless Steel Hydraulic Quick Coupling for Flange Spreader

Product Introduction:

Body Size(in)	1/4(02)	3/8(03)	1/2(04)	5/8(06)	3/4(08)	1(10)	1-1/2(12)	2(16)
Rated Pressure(PSI)	5000	3000	3000	3000	3000	3000	3000	3000
Rated Flow(GPM)	3	6	12	20	28	50	80	100
Spillage (ML)	0.006	0.012	0.02	0.026	0.032	0.035	0.05	0.1
(max. per disconnect)
Temperature Range	-20ºC to +120ºC
Standard seal material NBR

1.Material:
                 Material of Female Socket: Zinc- Chromate plated Steel
                 Material of Male Plug: Zinc- Chromate plated Steel
2. Advantage: Critical Parts are hardened for durability.
                       Poppet valves are available to prevent uncoupled leakage.
                       Poppet valves open automatically when coupled within rated working pressure to keep the flow expeditely.
3. Sizes: NPT 1/4, 3/8, 1/2, 3/4, 1. It’s OK to order Female Socket and Male Plug together or seperately.
4. Standard: ISO7241-1 Series A
Interchangeable with:
PARKER 6600 series
FASTER ANV series
AEROQUIP 5600 series
HANSEN HA 15000 series
What’s Included:
* Female Coupler
* Male Coupler

Main Material and Series:
Carbon steel,Brass, Stainless steel 304/316
ISO 7241A Series ,ISO 7241B Series ,FLAT FACE COUPLING

Our Service: We can crimp hose assembly for our customers
Application:
Mainly used for construction equipment, hydraulic machinery, oil euipment and other hydraulic applications.

FAQ:
Conventional packaging: carton, can be customized according to customer needs;
Transportation: express, sea and air freight are support
Delivery Time:
1.If we have stock,we’ll send out to you in a week;
2. Generally, it will take about 20 days. The specific delivery date will be negotiated according to your order.
MOQ:100
(If the quantity you need is less than 100 pieces, please feel free to make an inquiry with us. If we have stock, you can also
order.)
Payment:LC/TT
 our payment  usual is T/T ,L/C ,if you need other payment , please inform us

Differences Between Rigid and Flexible Flange Coupling Designs

Flange couplings are essential components used in various mechanical systems to connect shafts and transmit power between them. Two common types of flange coupling designs are rigid flange couplings and flexible flange couplings. These designs differ in their construction and performance characteristics:

Rigid Flange Couplings:

Rigid flange couplings are designed to provide a solid and inflexible connection between two shafts. They are suitable for applications where shaft alignment is precise, and no misalignment is expected during operation. The key features of rigid flange couplings include:

• Stiff Construction: Rigid flange couplings are made from robust materials such as steel or aluminum. Their stiffness ensures that there is little to no flexibility, maintaining a solid connection between the shafts.
• No Misalignment Compensation: Rigid flange couplings do not accommodate any misalignment between the shafts. Therefore, proper alignment is crucial during installation to prevent undue stress on the shafts and connected equipment.
• High Torque Transmission: Due to their rigid design, rigid flange couplings offer high torque transmission capabilities, making them suitable for heavy-duty applications with precise alignment requirements.

Flexible Flange Couplings:

Flexible flange couplings, as the name suggests, offer some degree of flexibility and misalignment compensation between the connected shafts. They are used in applications where shaft misalignment, caused by factors like vibration, temperature changes, or minor installation errors, is likely to occur. The key features of flexible flange couplings include:

• Misalignment Compensation: Flexible flange couplings can tolerate angular, parallel, and axial misalignment to some extent. This helps to reduce stress on the connected equipment and enhances the overall performance and lifespan of the system.
• Vibration Dampening: The flexibility of these couplings allows them to dampen vibrations and shocks, making them suitable for systems where vibrations are a concern.
• Reduced Stress on Bearings: Flexible flange couplings can help reduce the stress on bearings and other connected components by absorbing misalignment forces.

When choosing between rigid and flexible flange couplings, it is essential to consider the specific requirements of the application. Rigid flange couplings are best suited for applications with precise alignment, while flexible flange couplings are ideal for systems where some degree of misalignment is expected. The selection process should also take into account factors such as torque capacity, shaft sizes, operating conditions, and maintenance requirements.

In conclusion, the choice between rigid and flexible flange coupling designs depends on the application’s alignment needs and the desired level of misalignment compensation and vibration dampening.

Maintenance-Free Flange Couplings

Flange couplings can be designed to be maintenance-free, meaning they require minimal or no regular maintenance throughout their operational life. The key features and options that contribute to maintenance-free flange couplings include:

• Sealed and Lubricated: Some flange couplings are sealed and pre-lubricated with high-performance grease during the manufacturing process. This ensures that the coupling remains properly lubricated over an extended period, eliminating the need for routine lubrication.
• Self-Lubricating Materials: Certain flange couplings are constructed from self-lubricating materials, such as polymers or composites, that provide a low-friction interface between the mating surfaces. This reduces wear and eliminates the need for additional lubrication.
• Maintenance-Free Bearings: Flange couplings with integrated maintenance-free bearings further enhance the overall maintenance-free operation. These bearings are designed to withstand the required loads and provide long-lasting performance without the need for regular lubrication.
• Corrosion-Resistant Materials: Flange couplings made from corrosion-resistant materials, such as stainless steel or coated alloys, can resist environmental factors that might lead to corrosion and premature wear, resulting in extended maintenance intervals.
• Robust Design: A well-engineered flange coupling with a robust design can withstand harsh conditions, shock loads, and other stresses, reducing the likelihood of component failure and the need for maintenance.

It is essential to select a flange coupling that is specifically labeled as “maintenance-free” or “self-lubricating” by the manufacturer to ensure that it meets your maintenance objectives. However, it’s important to note that even maintenance-free flange couplings may still require periodic inspection to check for wear, alignment issues, or other potential problems.

Can Flange Couplings Accommodate High Torque and High-Speed Applications?

Yes, flange couplings are designed to accommodate both high torque and high-speed applications. They are capable of transmitting significant amounts of torque between shafts while maintaining stable and efficient power transmission. The ability to handle high torque and high-speed applications depends on various factors, including the design, material, and size of the flange coupling.

1. Design: Flange couplings are available in different designs, such as rigid flange couplings and flexible flange couplings. Rigid flange couplings are more suitable for applications that require precise shaft alignment and minimal misalignment. On the other hand, flexible flange couplings can accommodate slight misalignments and are suitable for applications where shock or vibration may occur. The design of the coupling is crucial in determining its torque and speed capabilities.

2. Material: Flange couplings are manufactured from various materials, including steel, stainless steel, aluminum, and other alloys. The material selection is essential in determining the coupling’s strength, durability, and resistance to wear and fatigue. High-quality materials are used in flange couplings for high torque and high-speed applications to ensure their reliability and performance.

3. Size and Dimensions: The size and dimensions of the flange coupling play a significant role in determining its torque and speed ratings. Larger flange couplings with increased diameter and thickness can handle higher torque and speed compared to smaller couplings. It is essential to choose the appropriate size of the coupling based on the application’s torque and speed requirements.

4. Surface Finish: The surface finish of the flange coupling is critical, especially in high-speed applications. A smooth surface finish reduces friction and wear between the mating surfaces of the flanges, bolts, and nuts, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the coupling.

5. Lubrication: Proper lubrication is essential for flange couplings in high-speed and high-torque applications. Lubricants help reduce friction and wear, dissipate heat, and prevent premature failure of the coupling components.

6. Manufacturer’s Recommendations: It is crucial to follow the manufacturer’s recommendations and guidelines regarding the maximum torque and speed ratings of the flange coupling. Exceeding the recommended limits can lead to coupling failure and potential damage to the connected equipment.

In conclusion, flange couplings can be effectively used in high torque and high-speed applications when selected and maintained properly. Choosing the right design, material, size, and adhering to the manufacturer’s guidelines ensures that the flange coupling can handle the required torque and rotational speed efficiently and reliably.

editor by CX 2023-12-06